Thirteen tools, four steps
The same order a new investor actually needs them in: understand the terrain, decide your portfolio, execute the plan, and figure out when you can live off it.
Understand
What time and fees actually do to your money.
Execute
Put the plan in motion and keep it on track.
Independence
When you can stop, and how much you can withdraw.
Why only 12 of the 21 tools are here
The other 9 — capital gains tax, tax-loss carryforwards, pension plans, a Spanish fund comparator — only make sense for someone filing taxes in Spain. Rebuilding them for a US/UK audience would mean inventing numbers instead of translating real ones, so they stay Spanish-only rather than becoming a worse, generic version of themselves.